建站服務器
使用keepalived nginx tomcat搭建高性能web服務器集群，前端用nginx做反向代理實現負載均衡，同時結合keepalived對nginx實現高可用，后端使用tomcat做動態jsp解析，實現了動靜分離。
（本文永久地址：http://woymk.blog.51cto.com/10000269/1928716）
搭建環境：centos 6.9
準備四臺服務器
vip: 192.168.75.130
master: 192.168.75.131 (安裝nginx做反向代理實現負載勻衡，結合keepalived實現高可用）
backup: 192.168.75.132 (同上)
web1: 192.168.75.151 (安裝nginx和tomcat實現動靜分離)
web2: 192.168.75.152 (同上)
這里為節省服務器，nginx和tomcat裝在了一臺服務上，也可以分開配置。
配置步驟如下：
1. 安裝nginx、tomcat軟件
四臺服務器分別安裝好nginx
安裝方法參見：lnmp環境搭建
web1，web2上分別安裝好tomcat
安裝方法參見：tomcat8.5的安裝配置
web1, web2上分別啟動nginx和tomcat
service nginx start
service tomcat start
2. 在master和backup上配置nginx
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
加入或修改以下內容：
upstreamweb_nginx {
server 192.168.75.151;
server 192.168.75.152;
}
upstreamweb_tomcat {
#ip_hash;
server 192.168.75.151:8080;
server 192.168.75.152:8080;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
proxy_pass http://web_nginx/;
proxy_set_header host $host;
proxy_set_header x-real-ip $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header x-forwarded-for $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
location ~ \\\\.jsp$ {
proxy_pass http://web_tomcat/;
}
}
分別在master和backup上啟動nginx服務
service nginx start
3. 配置keepalived
在master和backup上分別安裝keepalived
yum install -y keepalived
1) 配置master
vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
清空原文，加入如下內容：
! configuration file for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
#acassen@firewall.loc
#failover@firewall.loc
#sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
#notification_email_from alexandre.cassen@firewall.loc
#smtp_server 192.168.200.1
#smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id lvs_devel
}
vrrp_script chk_http_port {
script </dev/tcp/127.0.0.1/80
interval 1
weight -2
}
vrrp_instance vi_1 {
state master
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type pass
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.75.130
}
track_script {
chk_http_port
}
}
2) 配置backup
scp 192.168.75.131:/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
backup的配置文件只需要修改
state master -> state backup
priority 100 -> priority 99
最后，分別在master和backup上啟動keepalived服務，先主后備
/etc/init.d/keepalived start
4. 測試：
在master上停止nginx服務
[root@master ~]# /etc/init.d/nginx stop
停止 nginx： [確定]
在backup上查看日志
[root@backup ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages
may 23 17:21:33 backup keepalived_vrrp[1818]: vrrp_instance(vi_1) forcing a new master election
may 23 17:21:33 backup keepalived_vrrp[1818]: vrrp_instance(vi_1) forcing a new master election
may 23 17:21:34 backup keepalived_vrrp[1818]: vrrp_instance(vi_1) transition to master state
may 23 17:21:35 backup keepalived_vrrp[1818]: vrrp_instance(vi_1) entering master state
may 23 17:21:35 backup keepalived_vrrp[1818]: vrrp_instance(vi_1) setting protocol vips.
may 23 17:21:35 backup keepalived_vrrp[1818]: vrrp_instance(vi_1) sending gratuitous arps on eth0 for 192.168.75.130
may 23 17:21:35 backup keepalived_healthcheckers[1817]: netlink reflector reports ip 192.168.75.130 added
may 23 17:21:40 backup keepalived_vrrp[1818]: vrrp_instance(vi_1) sending gratuitous arps on eth0 for 192.168.75.130
日志顯示已經成功切換到備用節點上。
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.75.130 -i
http/1.1 200 ok
server: nginx/1.10.3
date: tue, 23 may 2017 09:34:21 gmt
content-type: text/html
content-length: 616
connection: keep-alive
last-modified: mon, 22 may 2017 10:28:07 gmt
etag: 5922bd37-268
accept-ranges: bytes
master停掉后，用curl訪問web服務，一切正常。

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